Beirut. (c2014)

Abstract

This thesis advances an explanation of the failure of the Lebanese state to control, properly urbanize and suitably develop its capital city, Beirut. It draws from various disciplines – including history, architecture, economics, legal analysis and urban planning – to explain the pitfalls of Beirut’s postwar reconstruction. A wide array of interviews was conducted with experts in the relevant fields in addition to activists who witnessed the capital’s many transformations first-hand. The research assesses the various urban policies and initiatives implemented on the city and their impact on cultural and social identity. It also sheds light on the current trends, laws and plans that are shaping Beirut today. The thesis exposes how the clientelist relationship between decision-makers and real estate developers greatly influenced the shape and functioning of Beirut and the wellbeing of its inhabitants. Furthermore, it argues that the consequent rupture between the city and its peoples is creating a dangerous identity crisis and a new rift in an already divided society. Finally, this thesis offers recommendations to help shape a more sustainable city that resembles its proud citizens.