Lebanese Youth’s Political Participation Between the 2018 and 2022 Elections in light of the Multidimensional Crises

Abstract

This thesis focuses on the youth’s political participation in Lebanese parliamentary elections by exploring the research question: How has the political engagement of Lebanese youth shifted in the context of Lebanon's multi-dimensional crises and sectarian system, between the 2018 and 2022 parliamentary elections? It examines the Lebanese consociational model, sectarian political system, local political context, and youth’s shy political participation during the 2018 elections in light of a series of postponements and a noticeable municipal electoral experience for civil society groups. Then, it provides an analysis of the multi-dimensional crises that peaked in 2022 to identify the key challenges faced by Lebanese youth, culminating in their increased political support of alternative political groups in the Parliamentary elections of 2022, in addition to their calls for reform. To address this, this thesis relies on secondary data collection from social media platforms, previously published key informant interviews, and voter turnout figures through pre-election polls with Lebanese youth. Lebanon’s sectarian system and multidimensional crises have placed Lebanese youth in a critical state, but contributed to a strong political momentum. Thus, Lebanese youth experienced an increase in political interest and trust in alternative groups. This new found political orientation was reflected in the youth’s political activism, resulting in the victory of 12 new members of parliament from alternative groups. However, this was followed by a decrease in political motivation after 2022 as the country witnessed a political stalemate. In brief, this thesis highlights the role of youth in the Lebanese political arena and contributes to an understanding of youth empowerment.