0844 Impact of Obstructive Sleep Apnea on patients admitted with Influenza Viral Pneumonia, A Nationwide Study

Abstract

Introduction There is evidence of increased risk of admission with influenza in patients with untreated obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). There is however limited evidence of the impact of OSA on patients admitted with influenza pneumonia. We aim to study this association on a nationwide scale.

Methods Using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) Database from 2017 to 2020, a retrospective study of adult patients with principal diagnosis of influenza viral pneumonia with secondary diagnosis with or without obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) according to ICD-10 codes. Several demographics, including age, race, and gender, were analyzed. The primary endpoint was mortality, while the secondary endpoints included mechanical intubation, length of stay in days, and patient charge in dollars. Multivariate logistic regression model analysis was used to adjust for confounders, with a p value less than 0.05 considered statically significant.

Results The study included 174,339 patients admitted with an influenza pneumonia, 13,094 of which had OSA. The Mean age for patients with and without OSA was 67 and 70 years, respectively. In the OSA group, 48% were females compared to 55% in the non-OSA group. Around 73% in both groups were Caucasian white. Statistically significant comorbidities noticed in the OSA group included chronic kidney disease (29% vs. 22%), Diabetes Mellitus (48% vs. 31%), COPD (47% vs. 31%) . In-hospital mortality rate was not higher in the OSA group with statistical significance (2.1% vs. 2.3%, p =0.48). The adjusted Odds ratio was 0.51 without statistical significance. In-hospital mechanical ventilation and tracheotomy rates were higher in the OSA group with statistical significance (5.3 % vs. 3.7%, p < 0.01) (0.31 % vs. 0.12%, p 0.013 ) however the adjusted odds ratio was not statistically significant in either (aOR 1.27, p value 0.14). (aOR 0.9, p value 0.98). The length of stay was higher in the OSA group (5.5 vs. 4.9 days, adjusted means +0.4 days, p value 0.04) Patients in the OSA group had a higher total charge (59,949$ vs. 44,091$, adjusted means +1,997$ p value 0.45)

Conclusion Patients admitted with influenza viral pneumonia with associated OSA were not found to have worse clinical outcomes and a higher economic burden.