A population-based study of self-reported adverse drug events among Lebanese outpatients

Abstract

There is a limited number of studies assessing the epidemiology of Adverse Drug Events (ADEs) in the outpatient setting, especially those that do not result in healthcare use. The primary objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and determinants of self-reported ADEs among Lebanese outpatients. It was a cross-sectional observational study performed among Lebanese outpatients visiting community pharmacies across Lebanon. A questionnaire was designed to elicit patients’ relevant information. The association between categorical variables were evaluated using Pearson χ2 test or Fisher's exact test. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify factors that affect the experience of self-reported ADEs. The study comprised 3148 patients. Around 37% of patients reported experiencing an ADE in the previous year. When ADEs occur, 70.5% of the respondents reported informing their physicians. Increasing number of medications per patient, use of injectable medication, and inquiring about potential drug-drug interactions were associated with higher experience of ADEs (p = 0.049; p = 0.003; and p = 0.009 respectively). Patients who received hospital discharge counseling reported experiencing less ADEs (p = 0.002). Our study showed prevalence of ADEs among Lebanese outpatients especially patients with polypharmacy, and highlighted the need to educate patients about the importance of reporting ADEs to their physicians.