Hospitalized patients with hepatic insufficiency often suffer from severe catabolic states and are in urgent need of nutrition support during their acute illness. Protein intolerance, however, remains a significant problem ...

Critically ill patients who are subjected to high stress or with severe injury can rapidly break down their body protein and energy stores. Unless adequate nutrition is provided, malnutrition and protein wasting may occur, ...

Needleless connectors, including the standard split septum and the luer-activated mechanical valve connectors, have been introduced into clinical practice to eliminate the risk of needlestick injuries by avoiding the use ...

Background: Increased risk for infection has been associated with the administration of intravenous fat emulsion (IVFE). Typically, IVFE is infused daily as part of the parenteral nutrition (PN) regimen. However, a national ...

Acute renal failure (ARF) is rarely an isolated process but is often a complication of underlying conditions such as sepsis, trauma, and multiple-organ failure in critically ill patients. As such, concomitant clinical ...

Severe thermal injury is associated with hypermetabolism and hyper-catabolism, leading to skeletal muscle breakdown, lean body mass loss, weight loss, and negative nitrogen balance. Muscle protein catabolism in patients ...

Refeeding syndrome describes a constellation of metabolic disturbances that occur as a result of reinstitution of nutrition to patients who are starved or severely malnourished. Patients can develop fluid and electrolyte ...

OBJECTIVE To review the role of sincalide in treating and preventing parenteral nutrition (PN)–associated gallbladder disease. DATA SOURCES A MEDLINE (1996–March 2004) search was performed using the key terms cholecystokinin, ...